Effective Strategies to Manage Tardive Dyskinesia

Tardive dyskinesia is a neurological condition characterized by involuntary, jerky muscle movements primarily affecting the face, neck, arms, and legs. It often results from prolonged use of neuroleptic medications. Studies indicate that between 20% and 50% of individuals on long-term neuroleptic therapy develop this disorder. Fortunately, tardive dyskinesia can be controlled and its symptoms minimized through proper medical treatment, diet adjustments, and lifestyle modifications.

Medical Treatments

Consultation with a healthcare professional is essential to review and adjust current medication plans, minimizing the risk and severity of symptoms. When symptoms persist or worsen, doctors may prescribe FDA-approved oral medications such as deutetrabenazine and INGREZZA®, which modulate brain neurotransmitters involved in muscle control. These medications may cause side effects like drowsiness, irregular heartbeat, or Parkinsonian symptoms.

Dietary Adjustments

Due to muscle movements, eating may become difficult for patients. Doctors often recommend liquid diets or soft foods such as bananas that are easier to swallow. Consulting a healthcare provider for suitable dietary options is advisable to prevent choking or aspiration risks. Eating slowly, taking small bites, and avoiding hurried meals are crucial safety measures.

Lifestyle Modifications

The symptoms of tardive dyskinesia can interfere with daily activities, impacting quality of life. Regular exercise can help reduce tremors and improve movement, flexibility, and balance. Mindfulness practices like meditation or relaxation techniques can enhance mental well-being and reduce stress, which often exacerbates symptoms. Spending time outdoors and connecting with support groups can further help individuals cope and adapt to living with this condition.