Understanding Hyponatremia: Main Causes and Prevention Strategies
Hyponatremia occurs when blood sodium drops below normal levels, caused by medication, medical conditions, hormonal imbalance, or dehydration. Preventive steps include moderation in water intake and electrolyte replenishment during intense activities. Recognizing and addressing causes timely can avert serious health consequences.
Sponsored
Hyponatremia refers to a condition where blood sodium levels drop below normal, specifically under 135 milliequivalents per liter (meq/L). Sodium plays a vital role in muscle and nerve function, as well as regulating blood pressure. Severe hyponatremia can require urgent medical treatment. Here, we explore common causes and preventive tips for this condition.
Causes of Hyponatremia
Medication Side Effects: Drugs like diuretics, painkillers, and antidepressants can disrupt hormonal balance and kidney function, lowering sodium levels.
Medical Conditions: Heart, liver, and kidney diseases often lead to fluid buildup, diluting sodium in the blood.
Excess Anti-Diuretic Hormone (ADH): Conditions such as SIADH cause the body to retain water, decreasing sodium concentration.
Dehydration: Vomiting and diarrhea can cause dehydration and electrolyte imbalance, triggering hyponatremia. Replenishing fluids with electrolytes helps restore balance.
Preventive Measures:
Moderate water intake: Drink when thirsty and monitor urine color; pale urine indicates proper hydration.
Electrolyte-rich beverages: During intense physical activity, consume sports drinks to replenish lost electrolytes instead of plain water.
