Understanding Dry Eye Disease: Causes, Symptoms, and Management
Dry eye disease affects millions, causing discomfort and irritation, especially in older adults and women. It results from insufficient tear production or rapid evaporation, linked to various health conditions and environmental factors. Effective management includes lubricants, lifestyle adjustments, and treating underlying issues. Protective measures like humidifiers and proper screen use can help reduce symptoms and prevent complications like conjunctivitis or keratitis.
Dry eye disease is a common condition where the eyes do not produce enough tears or tears evaporate too quickly. This leads to redness, swelling, discomfort, and irritation. Also known as keratoconjunctivitis sicca, it predominantly affects individuals over 50. Approximately five million Americans experience this issue, with women being more susceptible—especially during pregnancy, menopause, or hormone therapy. Underlying conditions such as allergies, thyroid issues, autoimmune disorders, or vitamin A deficiency increase risk. Symptoms include dryness, soreness, redness, burning, blurry vision, watering, and light sensitivity. Treatment options range from lubricating eye drops to addressing underlying causes. Preventive tips include protecting eyes from dust, limiting screen time, using humidifiers, and maintaining a nutritious diet rich in omega fatty acids.
