Understanding Uric Acid: Causes, Symptoms, and Effective Ways to Reduce It

Uric acid is a natural compound made up of carbon, nitrogen, hydrogen, and oxygen. Its molecular structure includes six carbon atoms, four hydrogen atoms, four nitrogen atoms, and three oxygen atoms. Typically found in urine, uric acid forms when the body breaks down purines, compounds found in various foods. Elevated uric acid levels can indicate kidney issues and may increase with treatments like chemotherapy that promote weight loss.

Foods rich in purines, such as mackerel, dried beans, liver, anchovies, and beer, can raise uric acid levels. When uric acid levels in the blood become excessive, a condition called hyperuricemia occurs, which can lead to kidney stones and gout—an inflammatory joint disorder.

Signs of abnormal uric acid levels

High uric acid levels often produce noticeable symptoms, while low levels, or hypouricemia, tend to be less obvious but are rare. Symptoms of low uric acid may include weakness, bone pain, dehydration, and signs associated with conditions like Wilson’s disease and Fanconi syndrome. Mild decreases are typically manageable with simple treatments.

Strategies to lower uric acid

Maintaining Uric acid within a healthy range (3.5 to 7.2 mg/dL) is essential for overall health and to prevent gout and kidney stones. Here are effective methods to reduce excess uric acid:

Stay Hydrated: Drinking plenty of water, coconut water, lemon water, and green tea helps flush out uric acid and prevents crystal formation.

Modify Diet: Limit intake of purine-rich foods like red meats, fermented products, eggs white, mushrooms, and lentils. Increase consumption of vitamin C-rich foods like citrus fruits, gooseberries, and peppers to promote uric acid excretion. Avoid alcohol and caffeine, which hinder uric acid elimination. Incorporate fiber-rich fruits, vegetables, and grains to absorb and expel uric acid effectively.

Reduce Sugar and Use Apple Cider Vinegar: Cutting back on sugar, especially from sweetened drinks, decreases gout risk. Apple cider vinegar, rich in acetic acid, helps balance body pH, reduces joint inflammation, boosts circulation, and promotes uric acid removal.