Guide to Securing Student Financial Aid in the United States

Many students studying in U.S. colleges require financial support to pursue their degrees. This assistance often targets underprivileged backgrounds or capable students unable to afford top institutions. Scholarships and grants, including those from the federal government, are key options. Most financial aid, however, comes from state-funded programs financed through property taxes and lotteries. Students can access these grants by submitting the Free Application for Federal Student Aid (FAFSA). State grants are awarded based on need, merit, or special classifications, and some states offer work-study opportunities to help cover expenses.

Types of grants vary by state but often include federal Pell Grants, need-based aid for low-income students, and merit-based awards for exceptional performance in academics or sports. Minority students may qualify for targeted grants, and women continuing education after a break can access women-specific grants. Disadvantaged students facing social or economic hardships are also eligible for specially allocated funds. High-need fields like nursing or teaching often come with service commitment grants, which support students willing to work in underserved areas post-graduation. Disabled students may receive dedicated aid from government and university programs. Notable examples include California’s Cal Grant, Texas’ Towards Excellence, Access, and Success (TEXAS) program, and Pennsylvania’s State Grant, all designed to support students based on various criteria, ensuring broad accessibility based on merit, need, or background. Eligibility extends to U.S. citizens, residents with green cards, and high-achieving international students through excellent exam scores like SAT or ACT.