Recognize These Hidden Signs of Leukemia in Your Body

Leukemia symptoms can often be subtle or mistaken for other illnesses. Staying alert to changes in your health can lead to earlier detection and more effective treatment.

Understanding leukemia

Leukemia is a blood cancer originating in the bone marrow, where it causes the overproduction of abnormal white blood cells. These defective cells interfere with normal blood cell functions, spreading quickly and outnumbering healthy cells, leading to various health issues.

White blood cells fight infections, but when they malfunction due to leukemia, it can cause bleeding, anemia, and a higher susceptibility to infections. The cancer can also spread to lymph nodes and organs, causing pain and swelling.

Types of leukemia

Leukemia is classified based on how quickly it progresses and the affected blood cells. The main types include acute and chronic leukemia. Acute forms develop rapidly, causing immediate symptoms, whereas chronic leukemia may go unnoticed for years as it advances slowly.

It is also divided into four primary categories according to the affected blood cell type:

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL)

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML)

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL)

Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML)

Additional subtypes include hairy cell leukemia and promyelocytic leukemia, among others.

Common and Less Common Leukemia Symptoms

Early stages may not show noticeable symptoms. As the disease progresses, symptoms can appear suddenly or develop gradually. Recognizing these signs can lead to prompt medical attention. Key symptoms include:

Persistent fatigue and weakness

Frequent fevers and chills

Bone or joint pain

Recurrent infections

Petechiae (small red spots under the skin)

Unusual bleeding from gums, nose, or rectum

Heavy menstrual bleeding

Headaches and night sweats

Shortness of breath

Unexplained weight loss or loss of appetite

Abdominal discomfort and swelling on the left side

Unusual bruising

Additional signs may present, such as:

Swollen lymph nodes: Noticeable swelling in the neck, armpits, or groin, indicating lymph node involvement.

Anemia: Low red blood cell counts causing fatigue, weakness, and breathlessness.

Leukopenia: Reduced white blood cells, increasing infection risk.

Thrombocytopenia: Low platelet levels resulting in easy bleeding and bruising.

Enlarged spleen or liver: Causing fullness, discomfort, or swelling in the upper abdomen.

If symptoms like fever, night sweats, or fatigue persist beyond typical illnesses, consult a healthcare professional. Early diagnosis and treatment are vital for better outcomes.