Understanding Blood Pressure Readings and Classification Charts
This informative guide explains blood pressure readings, their significance, and classification levels based on current medical standards. It emphasizes the importance of monitoring and managing high blood pressure to prevent serious health complications, including heart disease and stroke.
Hypertension, commonly known as high blood pressure, is a health issue where blood exerts excessive force against artery walls regularly. It is mainly influenced by poor lifestyle choices and genetics, but can also stem from kidney or hormonal disorders. Persistent hypertension heightens the risk of developing heart disease, kidney problems, and cognitive decline.
Deciphering Blood Pressure Numbers
Measured in millimeters of mercury (mm Hg), blood pressure is expressed as two numbers, such as 120/80. The first number, systolic, indicates pressure during heartbeats; the second, diastolic, shows pressure when the heart rests.
Below is a quick overview of what your blood pressure readings or charts represent:
Blood Pressure Classifications
Based on guidelines from the American Heart Association, blood pressure readings are categorized as follows:
Normal – A reading below 120/80 mm Hg indicates normal blood pressure. Maintaining a balanced diet, regular exercise, and a healthy lifestyle are recommended.
Elevated – When systolic measures are between 120-129 with diastolic under 80, it is classified as elevated.
Without intervention, elevated levels may progress to hypertension.
Stage 1 Hypertension – Readings consistently between 130-139 systolic and 80-89 diastolic are categorized as Stage 1 hypertension. Lifestyle modifications and medication may be advised by healthcare providers.
Stage 2 Hypertension – Persistent readings of 140 or higher systolic or 90 or higher diastolic indicate Stage 2 hypertension, requiring both medications and lifestyle adjustments.
Hypertensive Emergency – Extremely high blood pressure, 180/110 mm Hg or above, necessitates immediate medical care. This is termed a hypertensive crisis and may be managed initially with oral medications to gradually reduce blood pressure.
Approximately half of adults over 20 in the country suffer from high blood pressure, often without symptoms. If left unmanaged, it significantly increases the risk of heart attacks and strokes.
