Comprehensive Overview of Parkinson's Disease Progression

Parkinson’s disease, often abbreviated as PD, is a degenerative neurological disorder that worsens over time. It results from the gradual loss of dopamine-producing neurons in the brain, especially in the substantia Nigra. The decline in dopamine disrupts normal movement, leading to symptoms such as tremors, stiffness, and slow motion, which tend to intensify as the disease advances. The exact cause remains unknown, but genetic and environmental factors, including exposure to toxins and brain injuries, are known contributors. Symptoms vary among individuals and can affect motor skills, balance, sleep, digestion, and mood.

While there is no cure for Parkinson’s, treatments such as medications and surgery can manage symptoms. The disease progresses through three main stages: mild, moderate, and advanced. In early stages, symptoms are subtle and manageable with medication and exercise. As the disease advances, symptoms become bilateral, impacting daily activities and requiring therapies like physical and occupational therapy. The final stage involves severe motor and sensory impairments, making self-care impossible. Understanding each stage helps in planning appropriate care and improving quality of life for patients.