Understanding the Causes of Constipation and How to Address Them

Constipation is characterized by infrequent or difficult bowel movements. While occasional constipation is common, prolonged issues lasting weeks or months are classified as chronic. Common signs include fewer than two bowel movements weekly, straining, hard stools, and a sensation of incomplete evacuation. Multiple factors can lead to constipation, including physical obstructions such as tumors or narrowing of the colon, hormonal imbalances like hypothyroidism or diabetes, neurological conditions such as Parkinson's disease or spinal injuries, pelvic muscle dysfunctions, and unhealthy lifestyles. Proper diagnosis is essential for effective treatment.

Physical blockages in the colon or rectum, caused by cancers, strictures, or rectocele, can hinder bowel movements. Hormonal disorders that disrupt fluid balance, especially during pregnancy, may also contribute. Nervous system issues, including stroke or multiple sclerosis, impact nerve signals involved in bowel function. Pelvic muscle conditions, like weakness or inability to relax, can also cause constipation. Additionally, poor diet—lacking fiber or rich in fats and spices—and inactivity are significant lifestyle factors. Recognizing these causes aids in targeted management and relief.