Managing Symptoms and Treatment of Viral Gastroenteritis

What is viral gastroenteritis?
Viral gastroenteritis, commonly called stomach flu, is a highly contagious condition characterized by symptoms such as diarrhea, abdominal cramps, and vomiting.
It spreads through contact with infected individuals. While viruses are the main cause, certain bacteria can also lead to this illness.
The duration usually does not exceed 10 days, but the initial days can be particularly uncomfortable, especially for young children.

How to treat

Prioritize hydration: Maintaining fluid intake is vital in managing viral gastroenteritis.

Ensure adequate hydration as the body loses more water than it takes in. Besides water, use electrolyte solutions to replenish salts and minerals lost. These can be purchased at pharmacies. Avoid giving milk during illness, as it can worsen symptoms. Be cautious with sugary sports drinks, especially for children. For infants, breastfeeding can provide relief and support recovery.

Introducing gentle foods gradually is key once fluids are tolerated. Suitable options include rice, toast, bananas, potatoes, yogurt, and crackers. Once tolerated, incorporate light proteins and cooked vegetables. Avoid spicy or fatty foods, which can aggravate symptoms.

Parents should refrain from administering OTC medications unless advised by a healthcare professional. Drugs like ibuprofen and anti-diarrheal medications can sometimes delay recovery or cause adverse effects, particularly in children. If the child develops a fever, acetaminophen or ibuprofen can help reduce it.

When to seek medical advice

Most cases resolve within a few days, but consult a doctor if your child exhibits the following:

Decreased urine output

Dry mouth or throat

No tears when crying

Fever exceeding 102°F

Sunken soft spot on an infant’s head

Blood in stool

Persistent dehydration signs warrant prompt medical attention. Proper hydration and light foods are critical in recovery from viral gastroenteritis.