Uncommon Variants of Parkinson's Disease You Should Know

Parkinson’s disease is a neurological disorder primarily affecting older adults. It results from the deterioration of motor neurons in the brain, which typically release dopamine to regulate movement. When these neurons die, dopamine levels drop, causing symptoms such as stiffness, tremors, impaired gait, and cognitive challenges.

This condition affects both genders, although statistics show a higher incidence in men. The most prevalent form is idiopathic Parkinson’s disease, but there are several less common types that you should be aware of.

Additional rare forms of Parkinsonism include:

Progressive Supranuclear Palsy (PSP):
Typically onset in the mid-60s, PSP is a prevalent atypical Parkinsonism characterized by impaired motor control, frequent falls, and diminished eye movements. Treatment mainly aims to manage symptoms, which may also include speech problems and swallowing difficulties.

Dementia with Lewy Bodies (DLB):
This progressive neurodegenerative disorder involves abnormal protein deposits called alpha-synuclein in the brain, leading to fluctuating memory, visual hallucinations, and movement issues similar to Parkinson’s disease.

Corticobasal Syndrome (CBS):
Rare and usually begins after age 60, affecting one limb initially. Symptoms include abnormal posturing, jerky movements, and possible language difficulties such as aphasia.

Vascular Parkinsonism (VP):
Caused by small strokes damaging key brain regions, VP presents with gait and balance problems. MRI scans often reveal vascular damage, alongside cognitive effects.

Drug-Induced Parkinsonism:
This form stems from medications that reduce dopamine activity, leading to tremors, stiffness, and balance issues. Managing medication schedules and doses is critical for symptom control.

Detecting the specific type of Parkinsonism can be challenging, thus consulting a healthcare professional is essential for accurate diagnosis and treatment. Options include medications and surgical interventions, tailored to symptom severity. Lifestyle changes, like regular exercise and stress management, can also aid in symptom relief. Consistent medication adherence is vital to prevent flare-ups and maintain quality of life.