Top 5 Factors Contributing to Postpartum Mood Disorders

Postpartum depression (PPD) affects many women after childbirth, typically within the first month. It causes intense feelings of sadness, fatigue, anxiety, and emotional exhaustion, hindering new mothers from caring for their babies. Despite its prevalence, PPD remains underdiagnosed and undertreated, making screening by obstetricians and pediatricians crucial. The causes of postpartum depression are complex and vary among women, involving multiple risk factors including psychological, biological, social, and lifestyle influences. Understanding these factors helps in early identification and effective management of PPD.

Psychological Factors

History of depression or anxiety increases risk.

Previous severe PMS episodes may elevate susceptibility.

Experiences of abuse or low self-esteem can contribute.

Reluctance about the baby’s gender adds stress.

Childbirth-Related Elements

Multiparous women (with multiple children) may face higher risk, though studies vary.

High-risk pregnancies with complications like preeclampsia or emergency C-sections are linked to increased PPD risk.

Post-delivery issues such as hemorrhages also play a role.

Biological Aspects

Younger maternal age, especially teenage pregnancy, raises risk.

Disorders in blood sugar regulation, low serotonin, and tryptophan levels contribute to depression.

Dietary deficiencies impacting neurotransmitters can influence mental health post-bregnancy.

Social Support & Lifestyle

Strong emotional and social support systems diminish risk.

Employment, particularly in professional roles, offers protective benefits.

Unhealthy eating, poor sleep, and inactivity increase vulnerability.

Eating balanced diets, ensuring restorative sleep, and regular exercise reduce risks.

Recognizing these factors promotes proactive approaches to prevent and treat postpartum depression, improving outcomes for mothers and newborns.