Signs, Causes, and Risks of Ectopic Pregnancy You Should Know
Ectopic pregnancy happens when a fertilized egg implants outside the uterus, often in the fallopian tubes, requiring urgent medical attention. Symptoms include missed periods, pelvic pain, vaginal bleeding, and shock. Causes range from tubal damage to infections and fertility treatments. Recognizing early signs and understanding risks are vital for prompt treatment and prevention of complications. This article provides essential information on symptoms, causes, and risk factors associated with ectopic pregnancy, aiding early detection and effective management.
An ectopic pregnancy occurs when a fertilized egg implants outside the womb, often in the fallopian tubes. This condition cannot result in a viable baby and requires prompt medical treatment. About 2% of pregnancies are ectopic. Initial symptoms resemble normal pregnancy signs, including missed periods, tender breasts, fatigue, nausea, and increased urination. Early warning signs also include vaginal bleeding and pelvic pain occurring 6 to 8 weeks after a missed period.
As the pregnancy progresses, symptoms may become more severe, such as dizziness, fainting, shock symptoms, abdominal pain spreading across the abdomen, and heavy bleeding. Experiencing sharp pain during intercourse or shoulder pain due to internal bleeding are also indicators. These symptoms often mimic miscarriage, making timely diagnosis crucial.
Understanding how ectopic pregnancy occurs involves recognizing that if the fallopian tubes are damaged or blocked from past infections or surgery, the fertilized egg cannot reach the uterus and remains in the tube. Sometimes, the egg implants in the ovary, cervix, abdomen, or scar tissue. Risks include previous ectopic pregnancies, fallopian tube infections (often caused by gonorrhoea or chlamydia), fertility treatments, structural abnormalities, and certain contraceptives like intrauterine devices or tubal ligation.
