Comprehensive Guide to Knee Surgery Procedures
This comprehensive guide offers detailed insights into various knee surgeries, including partial and total replacements. It explains knee anatomy, surgical procedures, risks, and postoperative care, helping patients understand their options for joint restoration effectively.
Knee surgeries encompass a variety of procedures aimed at restoring joint function and alleviating pain. While often associated with partial or total knee replacements, numerous other surgical options exist to address specific issues within the knee joint.
Understanding the Knee Anatomy
The knee consists of three main bones: the femur (thigh bone), the tibia (shin bone), and the patella (kneecap). Additional bones include the fibula, which supports stability, connected by ligaments and tendons. The anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments stabilize the knee, while collateral ligaments provide lateral support. The patellar ligament secures the kneecap to the femur.
Types of knee surgeries include:
Partial Knee Replacement: Suitable when only a part of the knee joint is damaged, often due to osteoarthritis or rheumatoid arthritis. Damaged bone and cartilage are replaced with metal or polyethylene implants to retain natural structures.
Total Knee Replacement: Performed when extensive joint damage occurs. The entire kneecap, femur, and tibia are replaced with artificial components. The procedure involves removing damaged bone, fitting prostheses, and securing them with cement.
While these surgeries can significantly improve mobility and reduce pain, they carry risks such as infection, blood clots, and in rare cases, implant failure. Postoperative therapy is crucial for optimal recovery, with most artificial joints lasting 20-25 years under proper care.
