Latest Advances in HIV Treatment Strategies

Prompt action is crucial in preventing HIV infection from establishing itself in the body. Post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) involves taking anti-HIV medications within 72 hours after potential exposure to reduce the risk of infection, though these drugs may cause side effects. While a definitive cure remains elusive, medical science has made progress in slowing down the progression of HIV through therapies such as Antiretroviral Therapy (ART). ART significantly reduces the virus's ability to replicate, helping manage the disease effectively.

What is ART?

ART doesn't eliminate HIV but suppresses the virus, preventing it from multiplying. It lowers the viral load, which is the amount of HIV in the blood, to undetectable levels, allowing individuals to live healthier lives. Despite these advancements, there is still a risk of transmission, even while on medication.

Understanding HIV Treatment Myths

Many misconceptions exist regarding HIV therapy. Typically, patients take a single daily pill containing multiple active ingredients. There are six classes of antiretroviral drugs with over 30 options, ensuring alternate solutions if side effects occur or a medication stops working. Modern drugs have fewer side effects, often limited to minor issues like stomach upset, which usually improve over time. Risks such as cholesterol problems or bone density loss are present but far outweighed by the benefits of early treatment.

Starting treatment early generally improves outcomes, though some physicians prefer to wait until CD4 counts decline to a specific level due to other health factors. Today, early intervention is common to prevent disease progression, enhancing quality of life for those with HIV.