Key Causes of ADHD: Understanding the Contributing Factors

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is often misunderstood as a result of poor parenting or lack of motivation, but this is not accurate. Instead, ADHD stems from various factors that influence brain development and function. Genetic inheritance is the most significant contributor, supported by family, twin, and adoption studies. Twin studies reveal high heritability, with identical twins showing an 82% concordance rate. Genetic research highlights genes related to dopamine, such as DAT1 and DRD4, as linked to ADHD. Environmental factors like prenatal exposure to toxins—smoking, alcohol, or lead—also play a role. Brain injuries can occasionally induce ADHD symptoms, though this is rare. Misconceptions about hormones and diet as causes lack scientific support. Understanding these factors can aid in proper diagnosis and treatment.