Understanding Melanoma: Causes, Signs, and Treatment Options
This article explains melanoma's causes, symptoms, and treatment options. It emphasizes the importance of early detection and highlights risk factors like UV exposure and genetics. Treatment varies by stage, from surgical removal to advanced therapies, making prompt medical attention vital for improved outcomes.
Melanoma is a serious form of skin cancer caused by the uncontrolled growth of melanocytes, which produce skin pigment melanin. Excessive exposure to ultraviolet (UV) rays from the sun triggers DNA mutations in these cells, leading to abnormal growth. Men often develop melanoma on their backs, while women typically experience it on their legs. Malignant melanoma usually starts in the skin but can spread to other areas if untreated. Risk factors include sun exposure, weakened immunity, and genetic predisposition.
Common symptoms include changing moles, persistent soreness, itchiness, and surface irregularities such as bleeding or bumps. Early detection is crucial. Treatment varies based on the cancer stage, ranging from minor skin excisions to complex surgeries involving lymph nodes, and targeted therapies in advanced stages.
