Understanding Osteoporosis: Causes and Risk Factors
Osteoporosis is a silent but serious condition where bones become fragile due to imbalance in bone remodeling. It commonly affects women after menopause but can also impact men. Maintaining bone health through proper nutrition and lifestyle can help prevent or delay the disease. This condition increases fracture risk, especially in the hips, spine, and wrists, making awareness and early detection vital for managing osteoporosis effectively.
Osteoporosis is a condition where bones become weak and brittle due to decreased bone density. Often called a "silent disease," it progresses without obvious symptoms until fractures occur. The disease results from an imbalance between bone breakdown and formation, with resorption surpassing regeneration. Factors influencing osteoporosis include the body's natural bone renewal process, peak bone mass achievement in early adulthood, and hormonal changes, particularly in women after menopause. Maintaining healthy habits, like adequate calcium and vitamin D intake, can help prevent its development.
Bone is a dynamic tissue composed mainly of collagen and calcium phosphate, providing structural support and strength.
Bone constantly renews itself through a process of resorption and formation, occurring throughout life.
The entire skeleton is typically replaced approximately every 10 years, according to the NIH.
Peak bone mass is usually reached around age 30; afterward, resorption gradually overtakes formation, leading to bone loss.
Osteoporosis develops when the balance between bone breakdown and building is disturbed, often due to accelerated resorption or impaired formation.
Factors like aging, hormonal changes, and lifestyle choices can increase bone fragility.
Women are most vulnerable to rapid bone loss during early postmenopause, with continued decline over time. While more common in women, men are also at risk, with about 1 in 4 men over 50 experiencing osteoporotic fractures. Osteoporosis is a significant global health concern, causing millions of fractures yearly worldwide.
