Understanding Pneumonia: Symptoms and Preventive Measures

Pneumonia affects people of all ages, being a common lung infection that impairs breathing. It occurs when the alveoli, or air sacs in the lungs, fill with fluid, making oxygen transfer difficult. Vulnerable groups include young children, seniors, and those with chronic conditions like asthma or heart disease. Risk factors encompass viral infections, smoking, recent surgeries, and chronic lung illnesses. Symptoms may vary based on age and health, commonly involving cough, fever, chills, chest pain, fatigue, and shortness of breath. Infants might appear lethargic, while elderly individuals could experience confusion. High fever and rapid heartbeat are characteristic of bacterial pneumonia, often accompanied by sweating and disorientation. Viral pneumonia symptoms resemble the flu, with milder fever and dry cough. Prompt treatment with antibiotics and rest is crucial to prevent complications such as respiratory failure and sepsis. Vaccination, hygiene practices, healthy lifestyle, and quitting smoking significantly reduce risk, especially for vulnerable populations like children and seniors.