Understanding External Hemorrhoids: Symptoms and Treatment Options

External Hemorrhoids: Signs and Solutions

Experiencing intense discomfort during bowel movements or daily activities? You might be dealing with external hemorrhoids. These occur when the veins around the anus swell or become enlarged, specifically beneath the skin surrounding the anal area.

This condition appears as a painful, swollen bump around the anus, often caused by blood clots in the small veins. Common triggers include constipation and prolonged sitting. The swelling may turn blue, be tender, and painful.

Though painful, external hemorrhoids are generally not dangerous and can heal within days or weeks with proper care. Large thrombosed hemorrhoids may require removal by a healthcare professional under local anesthesia, though post-procedure pain can persist. Symptoms like fever or swelling may indicate complications like abscesses.

Managing Thrombosed Hemorrhoids

Conservative strategies focus on preventing constipation by increasing fiber and fluids—taking medications like ibuprofen or acetaminophen can help reduce pain. Warm baths soothe irritation, and complete recovery may take 2 to 3 weeks. Post-incisional care involves resting for 12-24 hours, changing dressings, and gentle cleaning after bowel movements with warm water. Regular showers and warm soaks help keep the area clean and comfortable.

Symptoms indicate external hemorrhoids, which can vary in severity. Common signs include persistent itching, pain around the anus, and visible lumps. Blood in stool is also a warning sign. Risk factors include straining during defecation and pregnancy, as pressure on anal veins causes blood pool and vessel enlargement.

To prevent hemorrhoids, adopt a high-fiber diet rich in vegetables, fruits, and whole grains, aiming for at least 30 grams of fiber daily. Drink 2-3 liters of non-caffeinated fluids to soften stools. Follow medical advice for medications, and avoid heavy exertion that could worsen symptoms. Mild exercises like walking are beneficial.

Diagnosis involves physical examination and possibly procedures like anoscopy, sigmoidoscopy, or colonoscopy to confirm the condition and rule out internal hemorrhoids. Treatment options include topical creams, suppositories, cold compresses, and lifestyle adjustments. A healthy diet and good hygiene are key to preventing recurrence.