Understanding Eosinophilic Asthma: Causes, Symptoms, and Diagnostic Approaches

Eosinophilic asthma is a distinct form of asthma that can develop in adults, characterized by elevated eosinophil levels in the blood. Unlike typical childhood asthma, which is often triggered by allergens like pollen or pet dander, this subtype involves widespread airway inflammation that is less responsive to standard treatments. It affects individuals between 35 and 50 years old equally across genders. The condition results from an overproduction of eosinophils—white blood cells that combat infections but can cause airway inflammation when elevated. Symptoms include difficulty breathing, persistent cough, wheezing, nasal congestion, and chest tightness. Diagnosis involves blood tests, sputum analysis, and sometimes invasive procedures like bronchial biopsy to confirm eosinophil presence and assess lung function. Early detection is vital for effective management. The disease's precise cause remains under investigation, with potential links to parasitic infections and genetic factors. Understanding these aspects helps tailor treatment strategies and improve patient outcomes.